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Breadfruit has a wide range of adaptability
to ecological conditions. It grows best in equatorial lowlands
below 600-650 m but is found at elevations up to 1550 m.
It flourishes at 21-32° C and does not yield well where
the temperature exceeds 40° or drops to 5° C. The
latitudinal limits are approximately 17° N and S; maritime
climates extend that range to the Tropics of Cancer and
Capricorn. Optimum annual rainfall is 1500-3000 mm, but
trees can yield regularly on Pacific atolls that receive
1000 mm. Deep, fertile, well-drained soils are preferred
although some varieties are adapted to the shallow sandy
soils of coral atolls.
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Breadfruit is a relatively maintenance-free
tree for the home garden. It does best in well-drained
soils. Amend soil with organic material prior to planting
and dig a hole wide enough to accommodate the root ball
of the young plant. Water, as needed, until the tree is
established, generally within one year. Trees prefer full
sun but do best if shade is provided when they are young.
Mulching with the large fallen leaves and other organic
materials is beneficial and provides nutrients, protects
roots, and helps keep the soil moist during dry periods.
The tree can readily be pruned and shaped to keep it low
and make harvesting easier.
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Contact the Breadfruit Institute